COP30 has concluded with far reaching discussions, negotiations, and signals of collective intent to all. These outcomes must translate into tangible benefits for those living and working in extreme-heat hotspots, with a particular focus on ensuring cooling benefits reach affected people in India and worldwide. Building on such efforts in India, and drawing on its experience in using the Climate and Environment Charter on the ground with heat-affected people. AIDMI makes the following three appeals for climate justice, that is, for a just transition and effective implementation of COP 30 decisions:

1. Appeal for clarity of legal obligation: All India Disaster Mitigation Institute (AIDMI) emphasises that the International Court of Justice(ICJ)’s July 2025 Advisory Opinion on the “Obligations of States in respect of Climate Change” confirms that states hold binding duties under international law — not just under the usual climate treaties — to protect the climate system and environment from anthropogenic greenhouse-gas emissions. AIDMI urges that, as the implementation of COP30 decisions proceeds, this legal clarity be translated into national implementation, especially for vulnerable communities and small businesses affected by extreme heat. There cannot be climate justice without cooling justice.
2. Appeal for duty-to-prevent transboundary harm and cooperatively manage loss and damage: The ICJ opinion emphasised states’ duties to prevent significant transboundary environmental harm and to cooperate internationally (including for adaptation, finance, migration/displacement). AIDMI calls on COP30 Parties to operationalise the ICJ’s interpretation by establishing mechanisms (finance, technology transfer, cooperative frameworks) for loss and damage and climate mobility — particularly from extreme heat with focus on small business impacts and informal economies in India and Asia-Pacific. Extreme Heat has no national boundaries. Cooling is possible when it is collaborative beyond boundaries, domestic or national.
3. Appeal to frontline justice and accountability (rights of small businesses and affected populations): Given AIDMI’s work with small businesses and heat-risk in India, the ICJ’s recognition of human rights, intergenerational equity, and states’ regulatory duties matters. AIDMI’s appeal to all following up on COP30 decisions is that linking climate policy not only to mitigation targets, but to accountability frameworks that include support for those on the frontlines (small businesses, gig workers, vulnerable communities) and align with the ICJ assertion that failure to act may constitute a “wrongful act” under international law.

Just transition and climate justice are interconnected, as AIDMI pointed out at the workshop on “Economics of environmental and climate action in the face of the humanitarian impacts of climate change” during the 4^th Forum of European Humanitarian 2025, May 19, 2025. These appeals frame AIDMI’s view that COP30 outcomes and follow-up actions should be informed by the legal momentum offered by the ICJ ruling — translating legal duty into practical, and justice-centred outcomes that directly benefit and support the extreme heat-affected people in India, and worldwide: Cooling Justice for All!